PEARLS

Pearls are formed in shellfish especially oysters & mussels as a natural defence against the invasion of the mollusc by a foreign body such as sand or grit. The particle acts as an irritant to the mollusc and layers of aragonite, known as nacre build up to form a solid pearl. The light reflection from these overlapping layers gives rise to an iridescent sheen or luster.

Cultured pearls are formed by the introduction of an irritant, whilst nucleated pearls are formed by the introduction of a small bead.

Pearls vary in colour but mostly include ivory, white or pink or with a hint of colour but can be brown or black depending on the mollusc type and/or their environment. Pearls are sensitive to acids, dryness & humidity hence they are not as durable as other gemstones. If a pearl has grown over an irregular shape, it is known as a ‘baroque’ pearl, however the most prized pearls are those with a spherical shape & perfect lustre in the colours of ivory, white, pink & black.

Natural pearls can be harvested in the Persian Gulf or the Gulf of Manaar. Cultured pearls are produced mainly in Polynesia & Australia, whilst Freshwater pearls (generally an irregular shaped pearl) and Saltwater pearls are cultivated in China & Japan.

Sometimes lesser quality pearls are dyed to enhance their natural colour.

Pearls were once believed to be the tears of the gods.

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